Investigators:
Andrea J. Apter, MD, MSc (PI), Timothy Rebbeck, PhD, Athanasios I. Zavras,
DMD, MS, DrMS, Richard Aplenc, MD, MSCE, Richard Spielman, PhD, Alexander Steven Whitehead, PhD, Angela Haczku, MD, PhD 

Do Genetic Susceptibilities Play a Role in Penicillin Allergy?
 
The goal of this HPE research is
to use penicillin allergy as a model for studying genetic factors influencing medication responses with properties that are difficult to study, e.g. when the response is intermittent, unanticipated, potentially life-threatening, has no gold standard phenotypic definition, or for which no generally accepted animal model exists. As penicillin allergy has all of these properties, it is a fitting model for exploring design and methodologies to address one or more of these problems.  

Our Specific Aims are to:

  1. Develop methods for studying medication responses that are intermittent, unanticipated, potentially life-threatening, or have no phenotypic gold standard, using penicillin allergy as a model.
  2. Design and test methods of identifying and obtaining genetic material from patients with these medication responses, from large clinical databases in collaboration with investigators from Ingenix, using the claims database of United Health Care.
  3. Establish a transdisciplinary collaboration and apprenticeship of allergy-immunology, drug allergy, epidemiology, genetics, pharmacology, and the health care industry for addressing Aims 1 and 2.
Our two hypotheses related to penicillin allergy are that: 1) polymorphisms of genes whose products participate in the immediate hypersensitivity response, e.g., genes from Chromosome 5q23-35 whose products include IL-4, IL-13, IL-9, IL –5, and IL-3, are associated with increased risk of hypersensitivity and 2) products of polymorphisms of drug metabolism genes, e.g. CYP3A4, metabolize penicillin differently, enhancing its immunogenicity.

Through our interdisciplinary collaboration and with Dr. Apter’s apprenticeship we will obtain appropriate pilot data for a successful application for external funding.